Skip to main content
Version: Next

Fury on VMs

This step-by-step tutorial helps you deploy a full Kubernetes Fury Cluster on a set of already existing VMs.

☁️ If you prefer trying Fury in a cloud environment, check out the Fury on EKS tutorial.

The goal of this tutorial is to introduce you to the main concepts of KFD and how to work with its tooling.

Prerequisites​

This tutorial assumes some basic familiarity with Kubernetes.

To follow this tutorial, you need:

  • kubectl - 1.29.x to interact with the cluster.
  • furyagent - to provision initial cluster PKI, install the latest version following the instructions here
  • Ansible - used by furyctl to execute the roles from KFD installers
  • VMs OS: Rocky linux 8, Debian 12, or Ubuntu 20
  • Valid FQDN for all the VMs, with a valid domain: for example, each VM should have a corresponding DNS entry like worker1.example.tld, worker2.example.tld, master1.worker.tld, etc.
  • Static IP address for each VM.
  • Two VMs for the LoadBalancer Nodes (at least 1vcpu 1GB ram each)
  • An additional IP that will be used by keepalived to expose the two loadbalancers in HA, and a DNS record pointed to this IP for the control-plane address.
  • Three VMs for the master nodes (at least 2vcpu and 4GB ram each)
  • Three VMs for the worker nodes (at least 4vcpu and 8GB ram each)
  • root or passwordless sudo user SSH access to the VMs

Step 0 - Setup and initialize the environment​

  1. Open a terminal

  2. Clone the fury getting started repository containing all the example code used in this tutorial:

git clone https://github.com/sighupio/fury-getting-started/
cd fury-getting-started/fury-on-vms

Step 1 - Initialize the PKI​

To initialize the Publick Key Infrastructure needed by the several components of the cluster to communicate securely, first, we need to initialize the CA certificates used by Kubernetes and the etcd database. To do that, you need to run the following command:

furyagent init master
furyagent init etcd

The furyagent command needs the file furyagent.yaml as a configuration, this file is already present in the getting started directory.

After the initalization of the PKI, you should have a pki folder with the following contents:

pki
├── etcd
│  ├── ca.crt
│  └── ca.key
└── master
   ├── ca.crt
   ├── ca.key
   ├── front-proxy-ca.crt
   ├── front-proxy-ca.key
   ├── sa.key
   └── sa.pub

Step 2 - Install furyctl​

Install furyctl binary: https://github.com/sighupio/furyctl#installation version 0.29.0.

Step 3 - Decide the strategy for the SSL certificates​

We use the HTTPS protocol to expose the KFD ingresses securely. HTTPS relies on certificates that need to be present, there are two approaches to achieve this:

1) Provide a self-signed certificate 2) Use cert-manager to generate the certificates

Self-signed certificate​

If you are using the first approach, you need to have at hand the tls.key, tls.crt, and ca.crt files. To generate these files using openssl, you can run the following commands:

openssl genrsa -out ca-key.pem 2048
openssl req -x509 -new -days 365 -nodes -key ca-key.pem -out ca.crt -subj "/CN=kube-ca"
openssl genrsa -out tls.key 2048
openssl req -new -key tls.key -out csr.pem -subj "/CN=kube-ca" -config req-dns.cnf 
openssl x509 -req -in csr.pem -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out tls.crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile req-dns.cnf

The file req-dns.cnf is already present the tutorial directory, with the following content:

[req]
req_extensions = v3_req
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
[req_distinguished_name]
[ v3_req ]
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1 = fury.example.tld
DNS.2 = *.fury.example.tld

Change it accordingly to your environment

cert-manager​

With cert-manager you can get valid certificates automatically created for you. You can use the http01 challenge to get certificates from Let's Encrypt if your load-balancer is reachable from the Internet, otherwise, we suggest using the dns01 solvers that use an authoritative DNS zone to emit certificates.

KFD includes cert-manager in its core packages and it is fully integrated with the distribution. We will use cert-manager with the dns01 challenge approach in this tutorial.

Step 4 - Write the furyctl.yaml configuration file​

The next step is to write the configuration file used by furyctl, in the tutorial directory is present a pre-compiled file that you can use as a starting point.

We will explain in this step, what the important fields are for.

.spec.kubernetes​

PKI and access​

---
spec:
  kubernetes:
    pkiFolder: ./pki
    ssh:
      username: root
      keyPath: ./ssh-key

This first piece of configuration defines where to find the PKI files (created in step 1), and the SSH connection details for the root user. keyPath can be a relative or an absolute path.

common DNS zone and networking​

---
spec:
  kubernetes:
    dnsZone: example.tld
    controlPlaneAddress: control-plane.example.tld:6443
    podCidr: 172.16.128.0/17
    svcCidr: 172.16.0.0/17

Next we need to define the DNS zone used by all the nodes and the control-plane address. Also, we need to define the network CIDR for the Pods and network CIDR for the Kubernetes services used in the cluster. These CIDRs must not collide with the IPs of the nodes.

Load Balancers configuration​

spec:
  kubernetes:
    loadBalancers:
      enabled: true
      hosts:
        - name: haproxy1
          ip: 192.168.1.177
        - name: haproxy2
          ip: 192.168.1.178
      keepalived:
        enabled: true
        interface: enp0s8
        ip: 192.168.1.179/32
        virtualRouterId: "201"
        passphrase: "b16cf069"
      stats:
        username: admin
        password: password
      additionalConfig: "{file://./haproxy-additional.cfg}"

Next we need to define the load-balancer nodes, each node will have a name and an IP address, additionally, we are also enabling keepalived on an additional floating IP address, in this example 192.168.1.179. Important check which is the main interface that will be used for the keepalive IP, in this example enp0s8.

We need also to give the HAproxy stat page a username and a password, and we can also add an additional config to the HAproxy running the load balancers. In the example file we are also balancing the ingress battery using the same load balancers as the control plane address.

Kubernetes Master and Worker nodes​

spec:
  kubernetes:
    masters:
      hosts:
        - name: master1
          ip: 192.168.1.181
        - name: master2
          ip: 192.168.1.182
        - name: master3
          ip: 192.168.1.183
    nodes:
      - name: worker
        hosts:
          - name: worker1
            ip: 192.168.1.184
          - name: worker2
            ip: 192.168.1.185
          - name: worker3
            ip: 192.168.1.186
        taints: []

Next we need to define the masters node and the worker nodes. The fqdn that will be used for each node will be the concatenation of the name and the .spec.kubernetes.dnsZone field.

For example, master1 will become master1.example.tld.

.spec.distribution​

Networking core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      networking:
        type: calico

In this piece of configuration, we are choosing to install calico as CNI in our cluster from the fury-kubernetes-networking core module.

Ingress core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      ingress:
        baseDomain: fury.example.tld
        nginx:
          type: single
          tls:
            provider: certManager
        certManager:
          clusterIssuer:
            name: letsencrypt-fury
            email: example@sighup.io
            solvers:
              - dns01:
                  route53:
                    region: eu-west-1
                    accessKeyID: AKIAEXAMPLE
                    secretAccessKeySecretRef:
                      name: letsencrypt-production-route53-key
                      key: secret-access-key

In this section, on the configuration of the fury-kubernetes-ingress core module, we are selecting to install a single battery of nginx ingress controller and configuring cert-manager as the provider to emit SSL certificates for our ingresses. baseDomain is the suffix hostname used on all the ingresses that will be create for the KFD modules, for example, Grafana will become grafana.<baseDomain>.

To correctly configure the cert-manager clusterIssuer we need to put a valid configuration for the dns01 challenge solver. The secret letsencrypt-production-route53-key will be created using furyctl's plugins feature in the next steps.

If instead you want to use a self-signed certificate (or a valid one from a file), you need to configure the ingress module like the following:

spec:
 distribution:
   modules:
     ingress:
       baseDomain: fury.example.tld
       nginx:
         type: single
         tls:
           provider: secret
           secret:
             cert: "{file://./tls.crt}"
             key: "{file://./tls.key}"
             ca: "{file://./ca.crt}"
       certManager:
         clusterIssuer:
           name: letsencrypt-fury
           email: example@sighup.io
           type: http01

Logging core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      logging:
        type: loki
        minio:
          storageSize: "20Gi"

This section configures the fury-kubernetes-logging module. In this example we are installing loki as log storage, and configuring the logging operator with all the Flows and Outputs to send logs to loki stack.

The minio configuration is the S3 bucket used by loki to store logs, the storageSize selected defines the size for each minio disk, in total 6 disk splitted in 2 per 3 minio replicas.

Monitoring core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      monitoring:
        type: prometheus

This section configures the fury-kubernetes-monitoring module. The complete stack with prometheus.

Policy (OPA) core module and Tracing core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      policy:
        type: none
      tracing:
        type: none

For simplicity, we are not installing a policy system (gatekeeper or kyverno) and a tracing solution (tempo) in the cluster.

DR core module​

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      dr:
        type: on-premises
        velero: {}

We are also configuring velero for the cluster backups from the fury-kubernetes-dr module. Velero will be deployed with a minio instance used to store all the backups.

spec:
  distribution:
    modules:
      auth:
        provider:
          type: none

This section configures the authentication for the ingresses and also the authentication via oidc on the APIServer, for simplicity we are disabling the authentication on the ingresses and not configuring the oidc authentication for the APIserver.

.spec.plugins​

spec:
  plugins:
    kustomize: 
      - name: cert-manager-secret
        folder: ./cert-manager-secret/
      - name: storage
        folder: https://github.com/rancher/local-path-provisioner/deploy?ref=v0.0.24

This section configures additional plugins to be installed in the cluster. There can be two types of plugin, helm and kustomize, in this example we are installing two kustomize projects.

The first one, under the cert-manager-secret folder, installs the secret used by cert-manager to interact with the route53 zone for the dns01 challenge. Change the example values in the ./cert-manager-secret folder with the correct credentials to interact with your route53 zone. The second one, storage, installs the local-path-provisioner that provides a simple dynamic storage for the cluster (not production grade).

Step 5 - Launch the installation with furyctl​

Now that everything is configured you can proceed with the installation using the furyctl CLI.

Simply execute:

furyctl apply --outdir $PWD

⏱ The process will take some minutes to complete, you can follow the progress in detail by running the following command:

tail -f .furyctl/furyctl.<timestamp>-<random-id>.log | jq

--outdir flag is used to define in which directory to create the hidden .furyctl folder that contains all the required files to install the cluster. If not provided, a .furyctl folder will be created in the user home.

The output should be similar to the following:

INFO Downloading distribution...                   
INFO Validating configuration file...             
INFO Downloading dependencies...                  
INFO Validating dependencies...                   
INFO Running preflight checks                     
INFO Preflight checks completed successfully      
INFO Running preupgrade phase...                  
INFO Preupgrade phase completed successfully      
INFO Creating Kubernetes Fury cluster...          
INFO Checking that the hosts are reachable...     
INFO Running ansible playbook...                  
INFO Kubernetes cluster created successfully      
INFO Installing Kubernetes Fury Distribution...   
INFO Checking that the cluster is reachable...    
INFO Checking storage classes...                  
WARN No storage classes found in the cluster. logging module (if enabled), tracing module (if enabled), dr module (if enabled) and prometheus-operated package installation will be skipped. You need to install a StorageClass and re-run furyctl to install the missing components. 
INFO Applying manifests...                        
INFO Kubernetes Fury Distribution installed successfully 
INFO Applying plugins...                          
INFO Plugins installed successfully               
INFO Saving furyctl configuration file in the cluster... 
INFO Saving distribution configuration file in the cluster...

🚀 Success! The first deployment step is complete. Run furyctl again to install all the components that needs a working storageClass now, since we installed one using plugins function.

furyctl create cluster --outdir $PWD --skip-deps-download

To speed up the following executions, you can use --skip-deps-download. This works only if the .furyctl folder has been already initialized.

INFO Downloading distribution...                  
INFO Validating configuration file...             
INFO Validating dependencies...                   
INFO Running preflight checks                     
INFO Checking that the cluster is reachable...    
INFO Preflight checks completed successfully      
INFO Running preupgrade phase...                  
INFO Preupgrade phase completed successfully      
INFO Creating Kubernetes Fury cluster...          
INFO Checking that the hosts are reachable...     
INFO Running ansible playbook...                  
INFO Kubernetes cluster created successfully      
INFO Installing Kubernetes Fury Distribution...   
INFO Checking that the cluster is reachable...    
INFO Checking storage classes...                  
INFO Applying manifests...                        
INFO Kubernetes Fury Distribution installed successfully 
INFO Applying plugins...                          
INFO Plugins installed successfully               
INFO Saving furyctl configuration file in the cluster... 
INFO Saving distribution configuration file in the cluster...

To interact with the cluster a kubeconfig has been created on the folder, make it usable with kubectl with:

export KUBECONFIG=$PWD/kubeconfig

Step 6 - Explore the distribution​

Forecastle​

Forecastle is an open-source control panel where you can access all exposed applications running on Kubernetes.

Navigate to https://directory.fury.example.tld to see all the other ingresses deployed, grouped by namespace.

Forecastle

Grafana​

Grafana is an open-source platform for monitoring and observability. Grafana allows you to query, visualize, alert, and understand your metrics.

Navigate to https://grafana.fury.example.tld or click the Grafana icon from Forecastle.

Discover the logs​

Navigate to grafana, and:

  1. Click on explore
  2. Select Loki datasource
  3. Run your query!

This is what you should see:

Grafana Logs

Discover dashboards​

Fury provides some pre-configured dashboards to visualize the state of the cluster. Examine an example dashboard:

  1. Click on the search icon on the left sidebar.
  2. Write pods and click enter.
  3. Select the Kubernetes/Pods dashboard.

This is what you should see:

Grafana

Conclusions​

Congratulations, you made it! 🥳🥳

We hope you enjoyed this tour of Fury!

Issues/Feedback​

In case you ran into any problems feel free to open an issue in GitHub.

Where to go next?​

More tutorials:

More about Fury: